Docker 入門
Laravel アプリケーション実行環境を Docker で構築する
Laravel Sail による開発環境を構築する
別のページではVirtual Box と Vagrant を用いて Ubuntu の仮想環境を構築し，その中で Laravel アプリケーションの開発環境を構築していました．この方法では環境構築に手間と時間を要し，開発時のオーバーヘッドも大きいという欠点があります．
ここでは Laravel アプリケーションの開発環境のひとつである Laravel Sail を利用する方法を説明します．Laravel Sail では内部的に Docker を利用した開発環境の構築が手軽にできるようになります．Docker の利用経験がなくても Laravel Sail を利用することは比較的容易ですし，Docker の利用経験があればより理解が深まるはずです．さらに，Laravel Sail で開発を進めると，それと同時に Docker への理解も深まることが予想されます．
ここでは Laravel ver.12 でここで作成したものとほぼ同様のコメント掲示板の作成手順を示します．
まず，Docker がインストールされていることを確認します．もしもインストールされていないようであれば，ここを参考に Docker をインストールしてください．
~ % docker --version ⏎
Docker version 28.3.3, build 980b856
~ %
Laravel プロジェクトは Documents フォルダに laravel サブフォルダを作成し，その中に配置することにします．このためのフォルダを作成し，作成したフォルダに移動しておきます．
~ % cd Documents ⏎ Documents % mkdir laravel ⏎ Documents % cd laravel ⏎ laravel %
新規プロジェクトの作成
新規プロジェクトを作成するには，次のようなコマンドを実行します．ここで，「プロジェクト名」には任意の名称を指定します．
laravel % curl -s "https://laravel.build/プロジェクト名" | bash ⏎
ここでは，「laravel-comment-app-2025」という名称でプロジェクトを作成することにします．プロジェクトの作成には少々の時間を要します．作成中には多くの情報が表示されています．その最後には次に実行するべきコマンドが表示されていることにも注意してください．
laravel % curl -s "https://laravel.build/laravel-comment-app-2025" | bash ⏎ latest: Pulling from laravelsail/php84-composer 6d29a096dd42: Pull complete 5a2c3efb5abb: Pull complete 44629439c7e4: Pull complete ebc85a62df49: Pull complete 8c35712de297: Pull complete ef5bac2eebcb: Pull complete c1d5eedcba05: Pull complete 6b346d003c9c: Pull complete 44b325234e4a: Pull complete 19c29b6c9463: Pull complete 75ade918ae37: Pull complete fa627c789e1b: Pull complete 4f4fb700ef54: Pull complete e6e8377aafe1: Pull complete 733ce3725146: Pull complete Digest: sha256:a2716e93e577c80bca7551126056446c1e06cb141af652ee6932537158108400 Status: Downloaded newer image for laravelsail/php84-composer:latest WARN TTY mode requires /dev/tty to be read/writable. Creating a "laravel/laravel" project at "./laravel-comment-app-2025" Installing laravel/laravel (v12.7.1) - Downloading laravel/laravel (v12.7.1) - Installing laravel/laravel (v12.7.1): Extracting archive Created project in /opt/laravel-comment-app-2025 Loading composer repositories with package information Updating dependencies Lock file operations: 112 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals - Locking brick/math (0.14.0) - Locking carbonphp/carbon-doctrine-types (3.2.0) - Locking dflydev/dot-access-data (v3.0.3) - Locking doctrine/inflector (2.1.0) - Locking doctrine/lexer (3.0.1) - Locking dragonmantank/cron-expression (v3.4.0) - Locking egulias/email-validator (4.0.4) - Locking fakerphp/faker (v1.24.1) - Locking filp/whoops (2.18.4) - Locking fruitcake/php-cors (v1.3.0) - Locking graham-campbell/result-type (v1.1.3) - Locking guzzlehttp/guzzle (7.10.0) - Locking guzzlehttp/promises (2.3.0) - Locking guzzlehttp/psr7 (2.8.0) - Locking guzzlehttp/uri-template (v1.0.5) - Locking hamcrest/hamcrest-php (v2.1.1) - 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Locking symfony/polyfill-php84 (v1.33.0) - Locking symfony/polyfill-php85 (v1.33.0) - Locking symfony/polyfill-uuid (v1.33.0) - Locking symfony/process (v7.3.4) - Locking symfony/routing (v7.3.4) - Locking symfony/service-contracts (v3.6.0) - Locking symfony/string (v7.3.4) - Locking symfony/translation (v7.3.4) - Locking symfony/translation-contracts (v3.6.0) - Locking symfony/uid (v7.3.1) - Locking symfony/var-dumper (v7.3.4) - Locking symfony/yaml (v7.3.3) - Locking theseer/tokenizer (1.2.3) - Locking tijsverkoyen/css-to-inline-styles (v2.3.0) - Locking vlucas/phpdotenv (v5.6.2) - Locking voku/portable-ascii (2.0.3) - Locking webmozart/assert (1.11.0) Writing lock file Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev) Package operations: 112 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals - Downloading doctrine/inflector (2.1.0) - Downloading doctrine/lexer (3.0.1) - Downloading webmozart/assert (1.11.0) - Downloading dragonmantank/cron-expression (v3.4.0) - Downloading symfony/deprecation-contracts (v3.6.0) - 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Downloading phpunit/phpunit (11.5.42) - Installing doctrine/inflector (2.1.0): Extracting archive - Installing doctrine/lexer (3.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.33.0): Extracting archive - Installing webmozart/assert (1.11.0): Extracting archive - Installing dragonmantank/cron-expression (v3.4.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/deprecation-contracts (v3.6.0): Extracting archive - Installing psr/container (2.0.2): Extracting archive - Installing fakerphp/faker (v1.24.1): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-php83 (v1.33.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.33.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/http-foundation (v7.3.4): Extracting archive - Installing fruitcake/php-cors (v1.3.0): Extracting archive - Installing psr/http-message (2.0): Extracting archive - Installing psr/http-client (1.0.3): Extracting archive - Installing ralouphie/getallheaders (3.0.3): Extracting archive - Installing psr/http-factory (1.1.0): Extracting archive - Installing guzzlehttp/psr7 (2.8.0): Extracting archive - Installing guzzlehttp/promises (2.3.0): Extracting archive - Installing guzzlehttp/guzzle (7.10.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-php80 (v1.33.0): Extracting archive - Installing guzzlehttp/uri-template (v1.0.5): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.33.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.33.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/string (v7.3.4): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/service-contracts (v3.6.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/console (v7.3.4): Extracting archive - Installing nunomaduro/termwind (v2.3.2): Extracting archive - Installing voku/portable-ascii (2.0.3): Extracting archive - Installing phpoption/phpoption (1.9.4): Extracting archive - Installing graham-campbell/result-type (v1.1.3): Extracting archive - Installing vlucas/phpdotenv (v5.6.2): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/css-selector (v7.3.0): Extracting archive - 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Installing league/flysystem-local (3.30.0): Extracting archive - Installing league/flysystem (3.30.0): Extracting archive - Installing nette/utils (v4.0.8): Extracting archive - Installing nette/schema (v1.3.2): Extracting archive - Installing dflydev/dot-access-data (v3.0.3): Extracting archive - Installing league/config (v1.2.0): Extracting archive - Installing league/commonmark (2.7.1): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/serializable-closure (v2.0.6): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/prompts (v0.3.7): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/framework (v12.34.0): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/pail (v1.2.3): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/pint (v1.25.1): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/yaml (v7.3.3): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/sail (v1.46.0): Extracting archive - Installing nikic/php-parser (v5.6.1): Extracting archive - Installing psy/psysh (v0.12.12): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/tinker (v2.10.1): Extracting archive - Installing hamcrest/hamcrest-php (v2.1.1): Extracting archive - Installing mockery/mockery (1.6.12): Extracting archive - Installing filp/whoops (2.18.4): Extracting archive - Installing nunomaduro/collision (v8.8.2): Extracting archive - Installing staabm/side-effects-detector (1.0.5): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/version (5.0.2): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/type (5.1.3): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/recursion-context (6.0.3): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/object-reflector (4.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/object-enumerator (6.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/global-state (7.0.2): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/exporter (6.3.2): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/environment (7.2.1): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/diff (6.0.2): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/comparator (6.3.2): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/code-unit (3.0.3): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/cli-parser (3.0.2): Extracting archive - Installing phpunit/php-timer (7.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing phpunit/php-text-template (4.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing phpunit/php-invoker (5.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing phpunit/php-file-iterator (5.1.0): Extracting archive - Installing theseer/tokenizer (1.2.3): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/lines-of-code (3.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/complexity (4.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing sebastian/code-unit-reverse-lookup (4.0.1): Extracting archive - Installing phpunit/php-code-coverage (11.0.11): Extracting archive - Installing phar-io/version (3.2.1): Extracting archive - Installing phar-io/manifest (2.0.4): Extracting archive - Installing myclabs/deep-copy (1.13.4): Extracting archive - Installing phpunit/phpunit (11.5.42): Extracting archive 59 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details. Generating optimized autoload files 81 packages you are using are looking for funding. Use the `composer fund` command to find out more! No security vulnerability advisories found. > @php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');" INFO Application key set successfully. WARN TTY mode requires /dev/tty to be read/writable. INFO Preparing database. Creating migration table ....................................... 3.64ms DONE INFO Running migrations. 0001_01_01_000000_create_users_table ........................... 6.00ms DONE 0001_01_01_000001_create_cache_table ........................... 2.21ms DONE 0001_01_01_000002_create_jobs_table ............................ 7.57ms DONE INFO Application ready in [laravel-comment-app-2025]. You can start your local development using: ➜ cd laravel-comment-app-2025 ➜ npm install && npm run build ➜ composer run dev New to Laravel? Check out our bootcamp and documentation. Build something amazing! WARN TTY mode requires /dev/tty to be read/writable. INFO Sail scaffolding installed successfully. You may run your Docker containers using Sail's "up" command. ➜ ./vendor/bin/sail up WARN A database service was installed. Run "artisan migrate" to prepare your database: ➜ ./vendor/bin/sail artisan migrate WARN[0000] The "MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. WARN[0000] The "MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. [+] Pulling 59/59 ✔ mysql Pulled 72.1s ✔ redis Pulled 12.6s ✔ mailpit Pulled 68.1s ✔ selenium Pulled 67.0s ✔ meilisearch Pulled 12.5s WARN[0000] The "MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. WARN[0000] The "MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. [+] Building 346.9s (21/21) FINISHED => [internal] load local bake definitions 0.0s => => reading from stdin 726B 0.0s => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 3.71kB 0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:24.04 3.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s => => transferring context: 2B 0.0s => [ 1/14] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:24.04@sha256:66460d557b25769b10 3.2s => => resolve docker.io/library/ubuntu:24.04@sha256:66460d557b25769b1021 0.0s => => sha256:e149199029d15548c4f6d2666e88879360381a2be8a 2.31kB / 2.31kB 0.0s => => sha256:b8a35db46e38ce87d4e743e1265ff436ed36e01d2 28.86MB / 28.86MB 2.4s => => sha256:66460d557b25769b102175144d538d88219c077c678 6.69kB / 6.69kB 0.0s => => sha256:3372ac029cdf2ade8c2f8373590af8ca6422e84b99bf62c 424B / 424B 0.0s => => extracting sha256:b8a35db46e38ce87d4e743e1265ff436ed36e01d23246b24 0.7s => [internal] load build context 0.0s => => transferring context: 1.12kB 0.0s => [ 2/14] WORKDIR /var/www/html 0.7s => [ 3/14] RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime && echo UT 0.1s => [ 4/14] RUN echo "Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth 0;" > /etc/apt/apt.co 0.1s => [ 5/14] RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && mkdir -p /e 334.1s => [ 6/14] RUN setcap "cap_net_bind_service=+ep" /usr/bin/php8.4 0.1s => [ 7/14] RUN userdel -r ubuntu 0.5s => [ 8/14] RUN groupadd --force -g 20 sail 0.1s => [ 9/14] RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash --no-user-group -g 20 -u 1337 sail 0.1s => [10/14] RUN git config --global --add safe.directory /var/www/html 0.1s => [11/14] COPY start-container /usr/local/bin/start-container 0.0s => [12/14] COPY supervisord.conf /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 0.0s => [13/14] COPY php.ini /etc/php/8.4/cli/conf.d/99-sail.ini 0.0s => [14/14] RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/start-container 0.1s => exporting to image 4.3s => => exporting layers 4.3s => => writing image sha256:31cf15f8dbad27da4d1434703d49a05da4259f817dc0a 0.0s => => naming to sail-8.4/app 0.0s => resolving provenance for metadata file 0.0s [+] Building 1/1 ✔ sail-8.4/app Built 0.0s Please provide your password so we can make some final adjustments to your application's permissions. Password: Thank you! We hope you build something incredible. Dive in with: cd laravel-comment-app-2025 && ./vendor/bin/sail up laravel %
プロジェクトが作成できたら，プロジェクトのフォルダ（ディレクトリ）に移動します．
laravel % cd laravel-comment-app-2025 ⏎
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
編集作業を始める前にあらかじめ Git でコミットしておくと良いでしょう．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ls ⏎ app composer.json package.json resources vendor artisan composer.lock phpunit.xml routes vite.config.js bootstrap config public storage compose.yaml database README.md tests laravel-comment-app-2025 % git init . ⏎ hint: Using 'master' as the name for the initial branch. This default branch name hint: is subject to change. To configure the initial branch name to use in all hint: of your new repositories, which will suppress this warning, call: hint: hint: git config --global init.defaultBranch <name> hint: hint: Names commonly chosen instead of 'master' are 'main', 'trunk' and hint: 'development'. The just-created branch can be renamed via this command: hint: hint: git branch -m <name> hint: hint: Disable this message with "git config set advice.defaultBranchName false" Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/rinsaka/Documents/work/laravel/laravel-comment-app-2025/.git/ laravel-comment-app-2025 % git branch -m main ⏎ laravel-comment-app-2025 % git status ⏎ On branch main No commits yet Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) .editorconfig .env.example .gitattributes .gitignore README.md app/ artisan bootstrap/ compose.yaml composer.json composer.lock config/ database/ package.json phpunit.xml public/ resources/ routes/ storage/ tests/ vite.config.js nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) laravel-comment-app-2025 % git add . ⏎ laravel-comment-app-2025 % git commit -m'initial commit' ⏎ [main (root-commit) b46b4dc] initial commit 57 files changed, 10846 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .editorconfig create mode 100644 .env.example create mode 100644 .gitattributes create mode 100644 .gitignore create mode 100644 README.md create mode 100644 app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php create mode 100644 app/Models/User.php create mode 100644 app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php create mode 100755 artisan create mode 100644 bootstrap/app.php create mode 100644 bootstrap/cache/.gitignore create mode 100644 bootstrap/providers.php create mode 100644 compose.yaml create mode 100644 composer.json create mode 100644 composer.lock create mode 100644 config/app.php create mode 100644 config/auth.php create mode 100644 config/cache.php create mode 100644 config/database.php create mode 100644 config/filesystems.php create mode 100644 config/logging.php create mode 100644 config/mail.php create mode 100644 config/queue.php create mode 100644 config/services.php create mode 100644 config/session.php create mode 100644 database/.gitignore create mode 100644 database/factories/UserFactory.php create mode 100644 database/migrations/0001_01_01_000000_create_users_table.php create mode 100644 database/migrations/0001_01_01_000001_create_cache_table.php create mode 100644 database/migrations/0001_01_01_000002_create_jobs_table.php create mode 100644 database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php create mode 100644 package.json create mode 100644 phpunit.xml create mode 100644 public/.htaccess create mode 100644 public/favicon.ico create mode 100644 public/index.php create mode 100644 public/robots.txt create mode 100644 resources/css/app.css create mode 100644 resources/js/app.js create mode 100644 resources/js/bootstrap.js create mode 100644 resources/views/welcome.blade.php create mode 100644 routes/console.php create mode 100644 routes/web.php create mode 100644 storage/app/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/app/private/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/app/public/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/framework/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/framework/cache/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/framework/cache/data/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/framework/sessions/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/framework/testing/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/framework/views/.gitignore create mode 100644 storage/logs/.gitignore create mode 100644 tests/Feature/ExampleTest.php create mode 100644 tests/TestCase.php create mode 100644 tests/Unit/ExampleTest.php create mode 100644 vite.config.js laravel-comment-app-2025 %
アプリケーションの起動と終了
Laravel アプリケーションの開発環境を起動するには次のコマンドを実行します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail up -d ⏎
[+] Running 10/10
✔ Network laravel-comment-app-2025_sail Created 0.0s
✔ Volume "laravel-comment-app-2025_sail-mysql" Created 0.0s
✔ Volume "laravel-comment-app-2025_sail-redis" Created 0.0s
✔ Volume "laravel-comment-app-2025_sail-meilisearch" Created 0.0s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Started 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Started 0.3s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
開発環境が起動できたので，http://localhost/ に接続するとアプリケーションのトップページが表示されるはずです．
Laravel のトップページは Tailwind.css で記述されており，レスポンシブ Web デザインを利用可能です．例えば Web ブラウザの画面横幅が小さくなると次のようなレイアウトになることを確認してください．
開発環境を終了するには次のコマンドを実行します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail down ⏎
[+] Running 7/6
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Removed 1.0s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Removed 1.0s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Removed 0.1s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Removed 4.6s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Removed 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Removed 0.2s
✔ Network laravel-comment-app-2025_sail Removed 0.1s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
なお，./vendor/bin/sail up -d というコマンドによって，いくつかの Docker コンテナが起動します．つまり，このコマンドは Docker の docker compnose up -d コマンドと（ほぼ）同じ処理が実行されるので，実は次のコマンドでも開発環境を起動できます．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % docker compose up -d ⏎
[+] Running 7/7
✔ Network laravel-comment-app-2025_sail Created 0.0s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Started 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Started 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Started 0.4s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
同じように終了コマンドも docker compose down や docker compose stop コマンドが使えます．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % docker compose down ⏎
[+] Running 7/7
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Removed 0.7s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Removed 0.1s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Removed 1.0s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Removed 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Removed 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Removed 4.4s
✔ Network laravel-comment-app-2025_sail Removed 0.1s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
artian コマンドの実行
Laravel 10 の説明ページでは php artisan ... の各種コマンドを利用しました．仮想環境上で利用していた php artisan コマンドが Sail による開発環境では ./vendor/bin/sail artisan コマンドになることを理解すれば，Laravel 10 の説明ページ とほぼ同じ流れで Laravel 12 でも開発を行うことができます．ただし，Validation の書き方が変更されていることには注意してください．Laravel 12 の Validation についての詳細はここで確認してください．
まず，artisan のバージョンを確認しますが，Sail が起動していない状態（つまり，Docker コンテナが起動していない状態）では実行できません．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan --version ⏎
Sail is not running.
You may Sail using the following commands: './vendor/bin/sail up' or './vendor/bin/sail up -d'
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
Sail を起動（つまり Docker コンテナを起動）します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail up -d ⏎
[+] Running 6/6
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Started 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Started 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Started 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Started 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Started 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Started 0.3s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
Docker コンテナの起動状態を確認します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % docker container ls ⏎
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
792d0c4fbd59 sail-8.4/app "start-container" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5173->5173/tcp laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1
ffa386dd5948 selenium/standalone-chromium "/opt/bin/entry_poin…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 4444/tcp, 5900/tcp, 9000/tcp laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1
0c0f6e65346f redis:alpine "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute (healthy) 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1
998622f56fa7 getmeili/meilisearch:latest "tini -- /bin/sh -c …" About a minute ago Up About a minute (healthy) 0.0.0.0:7700->7700/tcp laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1
7adbad63ef91 laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute (healthy) 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1
81f218e08131 axllent/mailpit:latest "/mailpit" About a minute ago Up About a minute (healthy) 0.0.0.0:1025->1025/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8025->8025/tcp, 1110/tcp laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
コンテナの起動が確認できたので，artisan のバージョンを確認します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan --version ⏎
Laravel Framework 12.34.0
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
マイグレーションの実行状況を確認します．まだマイグレーションを実行していないので，次のような結果になります．なお，Sail で環境を構築すると，MySQL のコンテナが起動し，その MySQL コンテナに接続することになります．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan migrate:status ⏎
ERROR Migration table not found.
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
マイグレーションを実行してデータベースにテーブルを生成します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan migrate ⏎
INFO Preparing database.
Creating migration table ........................ 13.54ms DONE
INFO Running migrations.
0001_01_01_000000_create_users_table ............ 74.68ms DONE
0001_01_01_000001_create_cache_table ............ 15.11ms DONE
0001_01_01_000002_create_jobs_table ............. 38.15ms DONE
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
データベースへの接続方法
Sail 開発環境で MySQL データベースに接続するときにも ./vendor/bin/sail コマンドが利用できます．具体的には次のとおりです．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail mysql ⏎ # (1) mysql サービス（コンテナ）に接続してmysqlにログイン Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 504 Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SELECT USER(); ⏎ # (2) 接続中のユーザ名を確認 +----------------+ | USER() | +----------------+ | sail@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT DATABASE(); ⏎ # (3) 接続中のデータベース名を確認 +------------+ | DATABASE() | +------------+ | laravel | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW DATABASES; ⏎ # (4) データベースの一覧を確認 +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | laravel | | performance_schema | | testing | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW TABLES; ⏎ # (5) テーブルの一覧を確認 +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_laravel | +-----------------------+ | cache | | cache_locks | | failed_jobs | | job_batches | | jobs | | migrations | | password_reset_tokens | | sessions | | users | +-----------------------+ 9 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "character_set%"; ⏎ # (6) MySQL の文字コード設定を確認 +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8mb3 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> exit ⏎ # (7) mysql とコンテナからログアウト Bye laravel-comment-app-2025 %
上の (1) では mysql サービス（これは compose.yml ファイルに記載されたサービス名）に対応するコンテナに接続するとともに，mysql にログインしています．このとき，次の.env ファイルに記載されたユーザ名 (sail) とパスワード (password) を利用し，データベース (laravel) に接続していることになります．(2) では接続中のユーザ名が sail ユーザでであることを確認しています．(3) でも接続中のデータベース名が laravel であることを確認しています．(4) では sail ユーザが利用可能なデータベースの一覧を確認しています．(5) では現在利用中の laravel データベースに生成されているテーブルを一覧で確認しています．この生成は上のステップですでに実行されています．(6) ではMySQL データベースの文字コード設定を確認しています．この結果のいくつかに latin1 が利用されていることが分かります．この設定では日本語文字列をデータベースに登録したとき，文字化けを起こす可能性があります．この問題は後のステップで解消しましょう．(7) ではmysqlからログアウトし，コンテナからもログアウトしています．
.env（抜粋）
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=mysql
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel
DB_USERNAME=sail
DB_PASSWORD=password
次に，docker compose コマンドでコンテナのシェルにログインした後，mysql へ接続する方法も確認します．次のとおり，(1) で mysql サービス（コンテナ）の /bin/bash シェルにログインします．その後，(2) では sail ユーザで mysql に接続し，laravel データベースを開きます．(3) ではパスワードを入力しますが，入力内容が画面には表示されないので注意してください．なお，ユーザ名とパスワードは .env ファイルに記載された内容が設定されています．その後の(4)〜(7)は上での操作と同じです．(8) では mysql データベースからログアウトし，(9) ではコンテナのシェルからログアウトしています．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % docker compose exec mysql /bin/bash ⏎ # (1) WARN[0000] The "WWWUSER" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. WARN[0000] The "WWWGROUP" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. bash-4.4# mysql -u sail -p laravel ⏎ # (2) Enter password: ⏎ # (3) Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 521 Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SELECT USER(); ⏎ # (4) +----------------+ | USER() | +----------------+ | sail@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT DATABASE(); ⏎ # (5) +------------+ | DATABASE() | +------------+ | laravel | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW DATABASES; ⏎ # (6) +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | laravel | | performance_schema | | testing | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW TABLES; ⏎ # (7) +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_laravel | +-----------------------+ | cache | | cache_locks | | failed_jobs | | job_batches | | jobs | | migrations | | password_reset_tokens | | sessions | | users | +-----------------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit ⏎ # (8) Bye bash-4.4# exit ⏎ # (9) exit laravel-comment-app-2025 %
なお，次の (2) でデータベース名を指定せずに mysql にログインしています．この場合は (7) ように USE コマンドでデータベースを変更する必要があります．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % docker compose exec mysql /bin/bash ⏎ # (1) WARN[0000] The "WWWUSER" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. WARN[0000] The "WWWGROUP" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. bash-4.4# mysql -u sail -p ⏎ # (2) Enter password: ⏎ # (3) Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 526 Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SELECT USER(); ⏎ # (4) +----------------+ | USER() | +----------------+ | sail@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT DATABASE(); ⏎ # (5) +------------+ | DATABASE() | +------------+ | NULL | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW DATABASES; ⏎ # (6) +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | laravel | | performance_schema | | testing | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> USE laravel; ⏎ # (7) Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> SELECT DATABASE(); ⏎ # (8) +------------+ | DATABASE() | +------------+ | laravel | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW TABLES; ⏎ # (9) +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_laravel | +-----------------------+ | cache | | cache_locks | | failed_jobs | | job_batches | | jobs | | migrations | | password_reset_tokens | | sessions | | users | +-----------------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit ⏎ # (10) Bye bash-4.4# exit ⏎ # (11) exit laravel-comment-app-2025 %
さらに，mysql に root ユーザでログインすることも可能です．通常は root ユーザとその他のユーザでは別のパスワードを設定すべきですが，Sail はあくまで開発環境であることを考えると大きな問題にはならないでしょう．ユーザ root でログインした場合は，(6) でアクセス権限のあるデータベースが増えていることに注意してください．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % docker compose exec mysql /bin/bash ⏎ # (1) WARN[0000] The "WWWUSER" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. WARN[0000] The "WWWGROUP" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string. bash-4.4# mysql -u root -p ⏎ # (2) Enter password: ⏎ # (3) Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 532 Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SELECT USER(); ⏎ # (4) +----------------+ | USER() | +----------------+ | root@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> SELECT DATABASE(); ⏎ # (5) +------------+ | DATABASE() | +------------+ | NULL | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW DATABASES; ⏎ # (6) +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | laravel | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | testing | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> USE laravel; ⏎ # (7) Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> SELECT DATABASE(); ⏎ # (8) +------------+ | DATABASE() | +------------+ | laravel | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW TABLES; ⏎ # (9) +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_laravel | +-----------------------+ | cache | | cache_locks | | failed_jobs | | job_batches | | jobs | | migrations | | password_reset_tokens | | sessions | | users | +-----------------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit ⏎ # (10) Bye bash-4.4# exit ⏎ # (11) exit laravel-comment-app-2025 %
MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS 警告への対応
次のとおり，sail コマンドを実行すると，MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS 変数に関する警告が表示されているかもしれません．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan --version ⏎
WARN[0000] The "MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string.
WARN[0000] The "MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS" variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string.
Laravel Framework 12.34.0
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
その場合，.env ファイルに次の行を追加すると良いでしょう．
.env（抜粋）
MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS=""
もう一度 sail コマンドを実行すると，今度は警告が表示されなくなりました．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan --version ⏎
Laravel Framework 12.34.0
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
データベースにテストデータを投入するまで
Sail の標準設定で MySQL を利用すると，日本語文字列に文字化けが発生します．具体的には，MySQL データベースから取得した文字列を Web ページに表示する部分では問題はありませんが，シェルから MySQL に接続して SQL コマンドを実行したときなどで文字化けが発生します．この問題を解決するために，データベースにテストデータを投入するまでの開発作業を行います．
まず，アプリケーションのロケールを設定します．これは，.env ファイルを次のとおり編集します．
.env（抜粋）
APP_LOCALE=ja
APP_FALLBACK_LOCALE=en
APP_FAKER_LOCALE=ja_JP
タイムゾーンを設定します．これは config/app.php を次のとおり編集します．
config/app.php（抜粋）
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Application Timezone
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here you may specify the default timezone for your application, which
| will be used by the PHP date and date-time functions. The timezone
| is set to "UTC" by default as it is suitable for most use cases.
|
*/
'timezone' => 'Asia/Tokyo',
データベースに comments テーブルを定義するためのマイグレーションファイルを生成します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan make:migration create_comments_table --create=comments ⏎
INFO Migration [database/migrations/2025_10_19_110214_create_comments_table.php] created successfully.
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
生成されたマイグレーションファイルを編集し，comments テーブルの設計を行います．
database/migrations/yyyy_mm_dd_hhmmss_create_comments_table.php
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
return new class extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*/
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->string('title', 255);
$table->text('body');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*/
public function down(): void
{
Schema::dropIfExists('comments');
}
};
マイグレーションの実行状況を確認します．さきほど生成したマイグレーションファイルはまだ実行されていないことが分かります．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan migrate:status ⏎ Migration name ........................................ Batch / Status 0001_01_01_000000_create_users_table ......................... [1] Ran 0001_01_01_000001_create_cache_table ......................... [1] Ran 0001_01_01_000002_create_jobs_table .......................... [1] Ran 2025_10_19_110214_create_comments_table ...................... Pending laravel-comment-app-2025 %
次のコマンドでデータベースにテーブルを生成します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan migrate ⏎
INFO Running migrations.
2025_10_19_110214_create_comments_table ................. 10.65ms DONE
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
次にテストデータをデータベースに投入するためのシーダーを生成します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan make:seeder CommentsTableSeeder ⏎
INFO Seeder [database/seeders/CommentsTableSeeder.php] created successfully.
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
生成されたシーダにテストデータを設定します．
database/seeders/CommentsTableSeeder.php
<?php
namespace Database\Seeders;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
class CommentsTableSeeder extends Seeder
{
/**
* Run the database seeds.
*/
public function run(): void
{
// 一旦中身を削除する
DB::table('comments')->delete();
DB::table('comments')->insert([
'title' => '最初のコメント',
'body' => '最初のコメントです！'
]);
DB::table('comments')->insert([
'title' => '2つ目',
'body' => '2つ目のコメントです！'
]);
DB::table('comments')->insert([
'title' => '<三個目>のコメント',
'body' => 'シーダによってテストデータを設定します．'
]);
}
}
シーダの実行時に comments テーブルのシーダも同時に実行されるようにします．
database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php
<?php
namespace Database\Seeders;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder
{
use WithoutModelEvents;
/**
* Seed the application's database.
*/
public function run(): void
{
// User::factory(10)->create();
User::factory()->create([
'name' => 'Test User',
'email' => 'test@example.com',
]);
$this->call(CommentsTableSeeder::class);
}
}
次のコマンドを実行するとテーブルにテストデータが投入されます．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail artisan db:seed ⏎
INFO Seeding database.
Database\Seeders\CommentsTableSeeder ......................... RUNNING
Database\Seeders\CommentsTableSeeder ....................... 4 ms DONE
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
テストデータの設定ができたので，MySQL に接続して，データが登録されていること，さらに文字化けが起こることを確認しておきます．具体的には，(1) で mysql に接続し，(2) では comments テーブルが生成されていることを確認します．(3) は comments テーブルの定義を確認しています．(4) では comments テーブルのデータを検索していますが，文字化けしていることが分かります．その原因は (5) の結果で示された文字コードのいくつかが latin1 になっていることです．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail mysql ⏎ # (1) Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 64 Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SHOW TABLES; ⏎ # (2) +-----------------------+ | Tables_in_laravel | +-----------------------+ | cache | | cache_locks | | comments | | failed_jobs | | job_batches | | jobs | | migrations | | password_reset_tokens | | sessions | | users | +-----------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> DESC comments; ⏎ # (3) +------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | bigint unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | title | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | body | text | NO | | NULL | | | created_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | | updated_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | +------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> SELECT * FROM comments; ⏎ # (4) +----+------------+----------------------+------------+------------+ | id | title | body | created_at | updated_at | +----+------------+----------------------+------------+------------+ | 1 | ??????? | ?????????? | NULL | NULL | | 2 | 2?? | 2?????????? | NULL | NULL | | 3 | <???>????? | ???????????????????? | NULL | NULL | +----+------------+----------------------+------------+------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "character_set%"; ⏎ # (5) +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8mb3 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit ⏎ # (6) mysql とコンテナからログアウト Bye laravel-comment-app-2025 %
MySQL の文字化けを解消する
任意のバージョンを指定して利用したい MySQL のイメージを指定します．なお，Laravel 12 の標準では 8.0 です．ここで利用しているようにバージョン9系を指定しても良いでしょう．
.env（抜粋）
# MySQL
# MYSQL_IMAGE=arm64v8/mysql:8.4
MYSQL_IMAGE=mysql:8.4
次に Docker イメージをビルドするための Dockerfile を database フォルダに設置します．
database/Dockerfile
ARG IMAGE
FROM ${IMAGE}
RUN microdnf install -y glibc-locale-source glibc-langpack-en && \
microdnf clean all
RUN localedef -f UTF-8 -i ja_JP ja_JP.UTF-8
ENV LANG="ja_JP.UTF-8" \
LANGUAGE="ja_JP:ja" \
LC_ALL="ja_JP.UTF-8"
さらに，compose.yml の mysql サービスに関する箇所を編集し，Docker イメージに対するビルドの記述を追加します．また，ベースとなる Docker イメージのビルドを Dockerfile にて指示することから，当初利用していた Docker イメージの指定は削除するかコメントアウトします．ここで，.env の MYSQL_IMAGE で指定された値が compose.yml で読み込まれ，その値が IMAGE 引数として Dockerfile に渡されていることに注意してください．
compose.yml
services:
laravel.test:
build:
．．．（中略）．．．
mysql:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: ./database/Dockerfile
args:
IMAGE: ${MYSQL_IMAGE}
# image: 'mysql/mysql-server:8.0'
ports:
- '${FORWARD_DB_PORT:-3306}:3306'
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: '${DB_PASSWORD}'
MYSQL_ROOT_HOST: '%'
MYSQL_DATABASE: '${DB_DATABASE}'
MYSQL_USER: '${DB_USERNAME}'
MYSQL_PASSWORD: '${DB_PASSWORD}'
MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 1
MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS: '${MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS}'
volumes:
- 'sail-mysql:/var/lib/mysql'
- './vendor/laravel/sail/database/mysql/create-testing-database.sh:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/10-create-testing-database.sh'
networks:
- sail
healthcheck:
test:
- CMD
- mysqladmin
- ping
- '-p${DB_PASSWORD}'
retries: 3
timeout: 5s
redis:
．．．（以下略）．．．
compose.yml, Dockerfile, .env といったファイルの準備ができたら，一旦Sail を停止します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail down ⏎
[+] Running 7/6
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Removed 0.2s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Removed 1.5s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Removed 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Removed 4.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Removed 0.1s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Removed 0.2s
✔ Network laravel-comment-app-2025_sail Removed 0.0s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
再び Sail を起動しますが，Dockefile を使って新たな mysql イメージを生成するように --build オプションも追加して実行します．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail up -d --build ⏎
[+] Running 0/0
[+] Running 0/1l Building 0.1s
[+] Building 1.8s (2/2) docker:desktop-linux
[+] Building 3.1s (28/28) FINISHED docker:desktop-linux
=> [mysql internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 313B 0.0s
=> WARN: InvalidDefaultArgInFrom: Default value for ARG ${IMAGE} results 0.0s
=> [mysql internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/mysql:8.4 1.8s
=> [mysql internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [mysql 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/mysql:8.4@sha256:b306273d4d36bc1a7 0.0s
=> CACHED [mysql 2/3] RUN microdnf install -y glibc-locale-source glibc- 0.0s
=> CACHED [mysql 3/3] RUN localedef -f UTF-8 -i ja_JP ja_JP.UTF-8 0.0s
=> [mysql] exporting to image 0.0s
=> => exporting layers 0.0s
=> => writing image sha256:9b758cc8b6a3bae242ac780b61564229f7c19d5238e03 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/library/laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql 0.0s
=> [mysql] resolving provenance for metadata file 0.0s
=> [laravel.test internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 3.71kB 0.0s
=> [laravel.test internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:24 1.1s
=> [laravel.test internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [laravel.test 1/14] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:24.04@sha256:66460 0.0s
=> [laravel.test internal] load build context 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 99B 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 2/14] WORKDIR /var/www/html 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 3/14] RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/ 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 4/14] RUN echo "Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth 0 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 5/14] RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 6/14] RUN setcap "cap_net_bind_service=+ep" /us 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 7/14] RUN userdel -r ubuntu 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 8/14] RUN groupadd --force -g 20 sail 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 9/14] RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash --no-user-group 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 10/14] RUN git config --global --add safe.direct 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 11/14] COPY start-container /usr/local/bin/start 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 12/14] COPY supervisord.conf /etc/supervisor/con 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 13/14] COPY php.ini /etc/php/8.4/cli/conf.d/99-s 0.0s
=> CACHED [laravel.test 14/14] RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/start-contain 0.0s
=> [laravel.test] exporting to image 0.0s
=> => exporting layers 0.0s
[+] Running 8/8image sha256:a42bdbac4d40e8ea1e636ec0c065aadb073a49d3f40de 0.0s
✔ Service mysql B... 1.9s
✔ Service laravel.test Built 1.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-selenium-1 Started 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mailpit-1 Started 0.4s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-redis-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-meilisearch-1 Started 0.3s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-laravel.test-1 Started 0.5s
✔ Container laravel-comment-app-2025-mysql-1 Started 0.3s
laravel-comment-app-2025 %
MySQL にログインしていくつかのコマンドを入力します．(1) のログイン後に表示されるバージョン番号が .env に記載したバージョンになっていることを確認します．(2) では文字コード設定を確認しています．以前は latin1 であった箇所が utfmb4 に変化していることに注意してください．この結果，(3) の検索では日本語文字列が文字化けすることなく表示できるようになりました．
laravel-comment-app-2025 % ./vendor/bin/sail mysql ⏎ # (1) Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 26 Server version: 8.4.7 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "character_set%"; ⏎ # (2) +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8mb3 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.4/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> SELECT * FROM comments; ⏎ # (3) +----+------------------+--------------------------------+------------+------------+ | id | title | body | created_at | updated_at | +----+------------------+--------------------------------+------------+------------+ | 1 | 最初のコメント | 最初のコメントです！ | NULL | NULL | | 2 | 2つ目 | 2つ目のコメントです！ | NULL | NULL | | 3 | <三個目>のコメント | シーダによってテストデータを設定します．| NULL | NULL | +----+------------------+--------------------------------+------------+------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit ⏎ # (4) Bye laravel-comment-app-2025 %
以上，Sail 環境を使って Laravel アプリケーションを開発する際のヒントとなる情報をまとめました．それ以外の開発方法は過去のバージョンと概ね同じです．Docker の利用方法を理解していたら sail コマンドの一部が docker compose コマンドとほぼ同じであることが理解できることでしょう．また Sail の理解が進むと自ずと Docker の理解が進むことになります．